Improvement in cob and feed mills



URMSBY a. SUMNER,

' Grinding Mm.

Patented July 23, 1861.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.`

H. ORMSBY AND E. R. SUMNER, OF BELOIT, lYISCONSlN, ASSIGNORS T0 THEMSELVES AND JAMES A. CARPENTER, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN COB AND FEED IVIILLS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 32,914, dated July 23, 1861.

To MZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, lil. ORMSBY and E. R. SUMNER, of Beloit, county of Rock, in the State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cob and Feed Mills; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this application.

Our invention relates to that class of mills used among` farmers and known as cob and feed mills.7

Our invention has for its objects to render this kind of mill capable of grinding more perfectly and rapidly with a given expenditure of motive power without liability of clog ging up, and also to admit of a more simple application of animal-power and a perfect and easy adjustment of the grinding-surfaces, while the whole apparatus is economic and durable in its method of mechanical construction; and to these ends our said invention consists in several features of improvement, as hereinafter fully described and claimed.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use our invention, we will now describe the construction and operation of one of our improved mills as we have successfully employed it, referring by letters to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a perspective view of the mill. Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the center of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section at the line Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a bottom View of the hopper and concave or external shell, and Fig. 5 is a top view of the internal shell and frame-Work with hopper removed.

In the several gures the same part of the apparatus is designated by the same letter.

A A A2 is the stand or frame on which the working parts are all supported, and which consists, as shown, of three legs A, turned horizontally at A and meeting at a vertical hollow shaft A2. On this hollow shaft A2 is hung the inner concave or grinding surface B, which has affixed to its base by means of arm a, the horizontal spur-gear C, and which has also fastened to the periphery of its base the clearers b, which run in the annular groove d. The gear C of the concaveB (when placed on) meshes into three pinions D D D, arranged on fixed studs e, projecting from the horizontal portion A of the main frame or stand.

d are the breakers, which are cast on the dome B, and which consist of vertically-project-ing plates with numerous small teeth, as illustra-ted at Figs. 2 and 5. These breakers or crushers exist during the most elevated portion of lthe domes surface, while on the remaining portion of the surface of said dome B are formed the grinding-teeth f about in the usual manner. The groove d is annular in the usual way and formed with an eXit c, through which the ground material makes its escape, being constantly brought or scraped round by the clearers b, and said grooved rim d is supported and held by the studs e, which form the shafts for pinions D to turn on.

E is the outer gri riding-surface or concave, which is formed with radially-arranged arms F, uniting in a central hub This hub formed of the two parts t' andy' contains a bushing t,which is retained vertically in given position, but which is free to turn in a horizontal direction. In the lower end of said bushing 7s is cut an irregularly-'shaped cavity, into which fits a correspondingly-shaped tenon o on the end of shaft A2, thus clutching the said bushing and the said shaft together.

V is a Vertical shaft, which extends down through bushing 7o and hollow shaft A2, and which screws into the hub A3 of the main frame, and which is furnished at its upper end with a hand-wheel m. Said shaft o has a pin projecting into an annular groove formed on the interior of bushing k, so that said bushing can turnfreely around said shaft, and at the same time will rise and fall with said shaft as the latter is raised or lowered, as will be presently explained.

H is the hopper, which is secured to the upper edge of concave E as a part of it. The breakers 7L, which project downward from the concave E and from its arms F, are made like those seen at don the concave B, and the said crushers h pass between the said crushers d. On the lower portion of the surface of E is formed the grinding-surface g, similar to that seen at f on B, but with the teeth or sections running in an opposite direction of inclina# tion.

To lthe lower edge of concave E is bolted the internal spur-gear I, to which is directly attached the animal-driving beam L. This internal gear I meshes into the three pinions DD D, which it drives and by which it is held in a central position, thus holding in a central position the lower portion or base of the concave E.

The general operation of the machine may be thus explained. The animal is attached to the end of beam L, whereby the internal gear I is rotated in a given direction, carrying with it the concave E and hopper H,

these being all attached together-for instance, in the direction indicated by the arrow at Figs.` l and 2. Then the pinions D D D will be rotated in the same direction, and the said pinions meshing into gear C will rotate it in an opposite direction, as indicated by arrows at Figs. 2 and 5, the said gear C carrying with itthe concave B. Thus it will be seen that bythe rotation of the internal gear I, to which the animal-power is directly applied, the concave E, with hopper, is rotated in one direction, while the concave B is rotated in an opposite direction; but it will be seen that the pinions D are each only about one-fifth the pitch diameter of internal gear I. Hence the said pinions will move with five times the number of revolutions of the said gear I, and as the pinions are only half the diameter of gear C the latterwill revolve half as many times as the pinion, so that if the internal gear make one hundred revolutions (the concave E moves with it) the pinionsD will make five hundred, and the gear C (with which the concave B moves) will make two hundred and fifty. Thus we have the velocity of the concave E one hundred and that of the concave B two hundred and fty in an opposite direction with a velocity of one hundred to the power-beam L. The several parts moving` as described, the material to be ground is put intothe hopper H and, passing down to the grinders, is

first thoroughly broken and crushed by the teeth h and d, and then passing onto the sur' faces g and fis ground tine, passing out at the peripheries of the bases of the concaves and falling into the annular groove (Z2, from whence it is discharged by clearers b in the usual manner through an exit c. By turning the hand-wheel m the shaft will be screwed into or unscrewed from the hub A3, as desired, whereby the concave E will be raised or lowered at pleasure to vary the distance between its grinding-teeth and those of concave B, and thus regulate the degree of lineness in grinding the material. It will be observed that while raising and lowering the outer concave E the clutch in la keeps said bushing k and shaft A2 coupled, so that the bearing-surface of hub j is always on bushing 7c and is sufficiently extended to insure perfect working and durability. When the shaft V is entirely unscrewed from hub A2, the concave E, hopper, &c., may be all lifted off for cleaning, repairing, &c.-

It will be observed that while the mill thus constructed embraces the advantages of great velocity in the grinding-surfaces, perfect ad'- justment, and economic operation, it involves great simplicity, durability, and has no liability of derangement, while its first cost to the farmer is very little.

Having described the construction and operation of our improved mill, what We claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In combination with the dome B and concave E, rotated in opposite directions and relatively adjustable, the grinding-surfaces F and g and the crushing device CZ, formed of vertically-proj ectin g segmental ribs with horizontal teeth, the whole arranged and operating as described, for the purposeset forth.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands.

H. ORMSBY. E. R. SUMNER.

Witnesses: NORMAN A. HUBBS, E. P. KING. 

